英文開題報告范文模板(開題報告英文)
英文開題報告范文模板
英文開題報告范文模板
開題報告是學(xué)位論文的一個總體規(guī)劃和設(shè)計，下面是小編搜集整理的英文開題報告范文，歡迎閱讀查看。
論文題目：the Application and Innovation of Gothicism in Wuthering Heights
一、選題的意義和研究現(xiàn)狀
1.選題的目的、理論意義和現(xiàn)實意義
長時期以來, 人們視艾米莉?勃朗特為英國文學(xué)中的“斯芬克斯”。關(guān)于她本人和她的作品都有很多難解之謎, 許多評論家從不同的角度、采用不同的方法去研究, 得出了不同的結(jié)論, 因而往往是舊謎剛解, 新謎又出, 解謎熱潮似永無休止。
本文立足于歐美文學(xué)中的哥特傳統(tǒng)研究《呼嘯山莊》的創(chuàng)作源泉, 指出艾米莉?
勃朗特在主題、人物形象、環(huán)境刻畫、意象及情節(jié)構(gòu)造等方面都借鑒了哥特傳統(tǒng), 同時憑借其超乎尋常的想象力, 將現(xiàn)實與超現(xiàn)實融為一體, 給陳舊的形式注入了激烈情感、心理深度和新鮮活力, 達(dá)到了哥特形式與激情內(nèi)容的完美統(tǒng)一, 使《呼嘯山莊》既超越了哥特體裁的“黑色浪漫主義”, 又超越了維多利亞時代的“現(xiàn)實主義”, 從而展現(xiàn)出獨具一格、經(jīng)久不衰的藝術(shù)魅力。
2.與選題相關(guān)的國內(nèi)外研究和發(fā)展概況
各民族的文學(xué)中都有許多驚險、恐怖的故事, 但似乎沒有哪一種文學(xué)像英美文學(xué)那樣不僅創(chuàng)作出數(shù)量眾多、質(zhì)量優(yōu)秀的恐怖文學(xué)作品, 而且還形成了一個持續(xù)發(fā)展、影響廣泛的哥特傳統(tǒng)( Gothic tradition) 。哥特文學(xué)現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)成為英美文學(xué)研究中的一個重要領(lǐng)域。對哥特文學(xué)的認(rèn)真研究開始于20 世紀(jì)二三十年代, 到70 年代以后, 由于新的學(xué)術(shù)思潮和文學(xué)批評觀念的影響, 該研究出現(xiàn)了前所未有而且日趨高漲的熱潮。根據(jù)在國際互聯(lián)網(wǎng)上的搜索, 到2000 年9月為止, 英美等國的學(xué)者除發(fā)表了大量關(guān)于哥特文學(xué)的論文外, 還至少出版專著達(dá)184部, 其中1970 年以后為126 部, 僅90 年代就達(dá)59 部, 幾乎占總數(shù)的三分之一。當(dāng)然,近年來哥特文學(xué)研究的狀況不僅在于研究成果迅速增加, 更重要的是它在深度和廣度方面都大為拓展, 并且把哥特傳統(tǒng)同英美乃至歐洲的歷史、社會、文化和文學(xué)的總體發(fā)展結(jié)合起來。
二、研究方案
1.研究的基本內(nèi)容及預(yù)期的結(jié)果(大綱)
研究的基本內(nèi)容:本文立足于歐美文學(xué)中的哥特傳統(tǒng)研究《呼嘯山莊》的創(chuàng)作源泉, 指出艾米莉?勃朗特在主題、人物形象、環(huán)境刻畫、意象及情節(jié)構(gòu)造等方面都借鑒了哥特傳統(tǒng), 同時憑借其超乎尋常的想象力, 將現(xiàn)實與超現(xiàn)實融為一體, 給陳舊的`形式注入了激烈情感、心理深度和新鮮活力, 達(dá)到了哥特形式與激情內(nèi)容的完美統(tǒng)一, 使《呼嘯山莊》既超越了哥特體裁的“黑色浪漫主義”, 又超越了維多利亞時代的“現(xiàn)實主義”, 從而展現(xiàn)出獨具一格、經(jīng)久不衰的藝術(shù)魅力。
預(yù)期的結(jié)果(大綱):
1.A Survey of Gothic
1.1 Definition of Gothic
1.2 the Origin of Gothic Novels
1.2.1 Historical Reasons
1.2.1.1 Folklore in Germantic Nationality
1.2.1.2 Drama in the Renaissance
1.2.1.3 the Bible and Legends in Christianity
1.2.2 Development of the Novel Itself
1.2.2.1 Challenge of Romanticism to Rationalism
1.2.2.2 Sublime and Beautiful
2. Emily’s Gothic Heritage
2.1 Theme
2.1.1 Good and Evil
2.1.2 Revenge
2.2 Characters Description
2.2.1 Villain-hero
2.2.2 Delicate Young Girl
2.3 Atmosphere, Environment and Plot
2.3.1 Terror
2.3.2 Mystery
2.3.3 Supernatural
3.Emily’s Gothic Innovation
3.1 Combination of romanticism and Realism
3.1.1 Change of the Background
3.1.2 Use of Symbolism
3.1.3 Stream of Consciousness
3.1.4 Illusion and Subconsciousness
3.2. Description of Figure Emotion and Psychology
Reference
2.擬采用的研究方法
主要有資料查找、理論探討研究、閱讀法
3.研究所需條件和可能存在的問題
研究所需條件：紙張、打印設(shè)備、圖書館、互聯(lián)網(wǎng)上獲取國內(nèi)外文獻(xiàn)資料;
可能存在的問題：(1)文獻(xiàn)不足;
(2) 由于個人的觀點和能力，使對研究對象分析不夠全面和深入。
三、研究進(jìn)度安排、參考文獻(xiàn)及審查意見
1.研究進(jìn)度安排
(1)論文指導(dǎo)第一周(學(xué)期第八周)：學(xué)生完成初稿。
(2)論文指導(dǎo)第二周(學(xué)期第九周)：指導(dǎo)教師審閱論文初稿后發(fā)回修改。
(3)論文指導(dǎo)第三周(學(xué)期第十周)：學(xué)生交論文第二稿。
(4)論文指導(dǎo)第四周(學(xué)期第十一周)：指導(dǎo)教師審閱第二稿并發(fā)回給學(xué)生進(jìn)一步修改。
(5)論文指導(dǎo)第五周(學(xué)期第十二周)：定稿
(6)論文指導(dǎo)第六周(學(xué)期第十三周)：交定稿的打印稿和電子文本。
(7)論文指導(dǎo)第六周(學(xué)期第十三周)：本周星期五至論文指導(dǎo)第七周(學(xué)期第周)星期五，指導(dǎo)教師和評閱教師寫評語，學(xué)生做好答辯準(zhǔn)備。
(8)論文指導(dǎo)第七周(學(xué)期第十四周)：星期三至論文指導(dǎo)第八周(學(xué)期第十五周)開展答辯工作。
2. 應(yīng)收集資料及主要參考文獻(xiàn)(不少于8條)
[1] Bronte, Charlotte. 1907. Charlotte Bronte’s preface to the second edition, Wuthering Heights. London: J. M. Dent Sons Ltd. p. 20.
[2] Gerin, Winifred. 1971. Emily Bronte [M]. New York: Oxford University Press.
[3] Marie, Mulvey-Roberts. ed. 1998.The handbook to gothic literature [A]. New York: New York University Press. p. 83.
[4] Punter, David. 1980. The Literature of Terror [M]. London: Longman. p. 6.
[5] 方平. 1993 .希望在人間?論〈呼嘯山莊〉(《呼嘯山莊》譯序) [M]. 上海譯文出版社. 第24頁.
[6] 蓋斯凱爾夫人. 2000 .夏洛蒂?勃朗特傳[M]. 張淑榮等譯. 北京: 團(tuán)結(jié)出版社. 第11?12頁.
[7] 肖明翰. 2001. 英美文學(xué)中的哥特傳統(tǒng)[J]. 外國文學(xué)評論第3期.
[8] 鮮于靜. 2003. 神秘和怪誕的魅力??福克納小說《八月之光》的哥特藝術(shù)研究[MA]. 中國學(xué)位論文全文庫.
開題報告英文
開題報告英文
function and application of descriptive translation studies
1 introduction
the intention of this study is to explore possible advantages of descriptive translation studies as in its application in translation practice and translation analysis.
since early 20th century, translation studies gradually broke away from the marginal status within other related disciplines and established itself as an empirical science. from then on, schools of thought have kept coming out and each claims its legitimacy for existence. among these schools is descriptive translation studies (dts).
dts approaches translation from an empirical perspective. translation is viewed to be a social activity having significant importance in the receiving culture and for the target community. therefore, translation is dealt with beyond the linguistic realization and language comparison, and is incorporated in social and cultural context.
my attention was first directed to dts by its peculiar characteristic of observation, description and explanation. the subject is whatever happens in translation practice, from the determination of prospective function of translation to the process of translator’s choice of strategies, brainstorming and the revision, to the final product making appearance in the target community.
the method of dts is basically descriptive. the prescriptive tendency and the problem-solution pattern is abandoned. translation phenomena are noted down. with accumulated data, some underlying truths about translation will come out which will prove to be instructive not only for theoretical probe but also for applied translation practice. i will apply this descriptive method in the case study of this thesis.
a convenient tool has been set up to conduct dts. “norm” is operative at every stage of description and explanation. function, process and product and their relationship as well are skeletal structure of what constitute descriptive studies. translation phenomena are accounted for with the help of norm.
the case taken in this thesis is the chinese classic the dream of red mansions. two english versions translated respectively by yang hsien-yi and david hawks are compared and observations are made in regard to their translation approaches.
in this regard, my observations are limited to several aspects, i hope in-depth observation and explanation will done in light of dts.
2 outline
2.1 development and major concepts of dts
in this part i will describe holms’ basic map of dts and the relationship between function, process and product. i will also discuss some important concepts such as pseudo-translation, multiple translation, translationese, norm etc.
2.2 methodolgy
i will in this part discuss the methodology of dts before i apply the same to the case study in this thesis with emphasis to be placed on semiotic approach and the concept norm.
2.3 dts in contrast to other theories
a contrast study will be conducted here with the objective to find the difference of dts from other theories such as equivalence theory and the chinese xin da ya criteria. some advantage will possibly be shown in this study.
2.4 case study
in this part, translation of the dream of red mansions (also translated as the story of the stone) will be under investigation in light of dts. translation samples to be quoted here will be selected at random.
2.5 conclusion
based on the above elaboration of dts and the case study, possible conclusion will be on the advantage of dts in specific study of translation. suggestions on further research efforts will be made also.
(note: while the topic will remain the same, the above arrangement of contents is subject to change in the process of writing.)