這是我初中時總結(jié)的語法 A 1. allow sb. to do sth. 允許某人去做某事(后接動詞不定式) My father allowed me to go out for a walk after finishing my homework. 2. ask sb. (not) to do sth. 叫某人做事某事(叫某人不要去做某事) My father asked me to study hard. He asked me not to swim alone. be ask to do sth. 被叫去做某事/被邀請去做某事 I was asked to have a dinner with them yesterday Ask sb. For sth .向某人索要某物 Ask for leave 請假 3.a little、a bit 、a lot 和much 等能夠修飾形容詞比較級 4. be afraid to do sth. 害怕做某事 She is afraid to ask me questions. be afraid of doing sth. 害怕做某事 I am afraid of going out at night. be afraid of sth. 害怕某物 He is afraid of snakes. 5.Against 作介詞,可表示“反對”“和……交戰(zhàn)”,不利于,依靠著,后跟名詞,代詞或動詞-ing形式坐賓語,其反義詞是for,意為贊成,支持 6.argue with sb.=have an argument between sb.和某人吵架 Argue with sb. About sth.某人為了某事和爭吵 Be amazing about sth.對某事感到驚訝 Be amazed to do sth.對做某事很驚訝 Be angry with sb.對某人生氣 Be mad sb.對某人生氣 Have a fight with sb. 和某人打架 7. be amazed to do sth. 對做某事感到驚訝 He was amazed to meet the girl there. be amazed at sth. 對某事感到驚訝 hey were amazed at the news 8.As soon as 一……就……,前語的主句用一般將來時,后語的重句用一般現(xiàn)在時,如:I will go to see your father as soon as I get to Beijing. 9.Be always doing sth.總是在做某事 10.As+形容詞/副詞的原形+as…… 像……一樣 否定:not As/so+形容詞/副詞的原形+as…… 11.Agree with sb. 贊成某人 Agree on sth. 贊成某事 12.All over the world=around the world 全世界 13.At a meeting 在開會 14.Asleep 睡著的 fall asleep=be asleep B 1.Borrow……from sb. 從某人那借…… 2.Bring……to 帶來,拿來 take……to 帶去,拿走 3.Between……and 兩者之間 4.By the way 順便一說 5.be busy doing/with sth. 忙于做某事 (??迹? 6.be excited to do sth. 對做……感到興奮 7.be glad/happy to do sth. 高興去做某事 be pleased to do sth. 高興做某事 be pleased with sth. 對某事感到高興/滿意 8. be interested in sth./doing sth. 對某事感興趣/對做某事感興趣 Take an interest in. 對某事感興趣/對做某事感興趣 9.be sorry to do sth. 對做某事感到抱歉 10.be surprised to do sth. 對做某事感到驚奇 be surprised at sth. 對某事感到驚奇 be supposed to do sth.被期望做某事 11.begin to do sth. begin/start to do/doing sth. C 1.Call sb. Up 打電話給某人 代詞放中間,名詞放兩邊 2.地點+the capital of +國家或省份 某個國家或省份的首都或首府 3.can/may/must do sth. could/would/should/might do sth. 4..choose to do sth. 選擇做某事 5. can't wait to do sth. 迫不急待地去做某事 6.call sb. Up 打電話給某人 若是代詞放在中間,若是名詞既可放中間也可放后面。
類似短語:cut……up mix……up 7.Complain about/of sth. 抱怨某事 complain to do sth.抱怨做某事 8.Compare……with…… 把……和……比較 9.Care for/take care of/look after/babysit 10.Chance 作名詞,意為機會,機遇,可能性,后面常跟動詞不定式或of doing sth. By chance 偶然的,碰巧地 take the chance 抓住機會 by and chance 也許,萬一 Miss a chance 錯過機會 11.Cook the meals 做飯 D 1. decide to do sth. 決定去做某事 make up one's mind to do sth. 下決心去做某事 (??迹? make a decision to do sth. 對做某事作出決定 2.do well in.在……方面做得好 Be good at sth. 3.discover sb. Doing sth. 發(fā)現(xiàn)某人正在做某事 4.Dress oneself in……穿……衣服 be dress in+顏色 dress up 喬裝打扮 dress oneself 自己穿衣服 5.Do you know how to do it=do you know what to do. 6.Do one's homework 做……的作業(yè) E 1.enough +名詞 如:enough money 形容詞+enough 如:tall enough 2. encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓勵某人去做某事 3. enjoy doing sth.=enjoy oneself=have a great time=have fun doing sth. 做某事很開心 4.either 用在否定句中,表同樣地(不……也不……) 5.explain sth. To sb.把某事解釋給某人聽 6.Else放在不定代詞(something)或疑問詞(what)之后,other放在名詞前面;如果接的名詞是可數(shù),那么要用復數(shù)形式 7.End up with 以什么結(jié)束 end up doing sth. 8.Experience (1)作名詞,當意為“經(jīng)歷,體會”時,為可數(shù)名詞,意為“經(jīng)驗,體驗”時為不可數(shù)名詞,如:a piece of experience (2)作動詞時,意為“經(jīng)歷,感受”后面直接跟賓語 (3)作形容詞,意為“有經(jīng)驗的,熟練的” F 1.fail to do sth. 做某事失敗 succeed doing sth. 成功做了某事 2.From……to…… 從…到… 3.Fit ……into 適應 4.Find it +形容詞+to do sth.發(fā)現(xiàn)做某事 5.finish doing sth. 做完某事(后接動詞-ing形式) (??迹?6.follow sb to do sth. 跟隨某人去做某事 follow sb's advice 跟隨某人的意見 7.First of all=first 首先,第一 At first 當初,起初 at beginning later on(和at first 相反) 。
(1). What happened? 發(fā)生了什么事? (2). He worked hard all day today. 他今天苦干了一天。 (3). The plane took off at ten o'clock. 飛機是十點起飛的。
2.由動詞短語構(gòu)成的謂語。 (1). I am reading. 我在看書。
(2). What's been keeping you all this time? 這半天你在干什么來著? (3). You can do it if you try hard. 你努力就可以做到。 3.英語常用某些動作名詞代替表動態(tài)的謂語動詞,表生動。
這種動作名詞之前常用沒有多大意義的動詞have, get, take, give 等。如: (1). I had a swim yesterday. 我昨天游了一次水(had a swim 代替了swam) (2). Take a look at that! 你看看那個?。╰ake a look 代替了 look) (3). He gave a sigh. 他嘆了口氣。
(gave a sigh 代替了sighed) (4). I got a good shake-up.我受到了很大的震動。(a good shake-up 代替了was shaken up thoroughly(充分,徹底的)) 三.表語 表語的功能是表述主語的特征、狀態(tài)、身份等。
1.The wedding was that Sunday. 婚禮是在那個星期天舉行的。(名詞) 2.So that's that. 就是這樣。
(代詞) 3.We are seven. 我們一共7人。(數(shù)詞) 4.Are you busy? 你有空嗎?(形容詞) 5.Are you there? 你在聽嗎?(電話用語)(副詞) Is anybody in? 里面有人嗎? (副詞) 6.All I could do was to wait. 我只能等待。
(不定式) My answer to his threat(威脅) was to hit him on the nose. 我對他的威脅的回答是照他的鼻子打去。(不定式) 7.Complimenting(贊美,祝賀) is lying. 恭維就是說謊。
(動名詞) Is that asking so much? 這是要的高了嗎?(動名詞) 8.I was so much surprised at it. 我對此事感到很驚訝。(過分) I'm very pleased with what he has done. 我對他所做的很滿意。
(過分) 9.She is in good health. 她很健康。(介詞短語) The show is from seven till ten. 演出時間為7點至10點。
(介詞短語) 10.Is that why you were angry? 這就是你發(fā)怒的原因嗎?(從句) 11.This is where I first met her. 這就是我初次與她會面的地方。(從句) 補充: 能做系動詞的實義動詞: come , go , run, turn ,get , become , keep , stay , make (表變化的動詞) fell,sound ,smell , look , taste (感觀動詞) seem, appear (似乎,好像) 例如: 1.Our dream has come true. 我的夢想實現(xiàn)了。
Keep作為系動詞還常接quiet ,calm ,cool, well, warm ,silent,clean,dry 3.The well ran dry. 這口井干枯了。(short , loose , wild , cold 等) 4.A thin person always seems to be taller than he really is. 一個瘦個子似乎比他的實際高度要高些。
常見的動詞如:work, sing, swim, fish, jump, arrive, come, die, disappear, cry, happen等。如:1) Li Ming works very hard.李明學習很努力。
2) The accident happened yesterday afternoon.事故是昨天下午發(fā)生的。3)Spring is coming.4) We have lived in the city for ten years.二、句型2:Subject (主語) + Link. V(系動詞) + Predicate(表語) 這種句型主要用來表示主語的特點、身份等。
如:1) This kind of food tastes delicious.這種食物吃起來很可口。2) He looked worried just now.剛才他看上去有些焦急。
(2)表示變化。這類系動詞有:become, turn, get, grow, go等。
如:1) Spring comes. It is getting warmer and warmer.春天到了,天氣變得越來越暖和。2) The tree has grown much taller than before.這棵樹比以前長得高多了。
三、句型3:Subject(主語) + Verb (謂語) + Object (賓語) 這種句型中的動詞一般為及物動詞, 所謂及物動詞,就是這種動詞后可以直接接賓語,其賓語通常由名詞、代詞、動詞不定式、動名詞或從句等來充當。例:1) He took his bag and left.(名詞) 他拿著書包離開了。
2) Li Lei always helps me when I have difficulties. (代詞)當我遇到困難時,李雷總能給我?guī)椭?) She plans to travel in the coming May Day.(不定式)她打算在即將到來的“五一”外出旅游。
4) I don't know what I should do next. (從句)我不知道下一步該干什么。注意:英語中的許多動詞既是及物動詞,又是不及物動詞。
如:1) Her father bought her a dictionary as a birthday present.她爸爸給她買了一本詞典作為生日禮物。2)The old man always tells the children stories about the heroes in the Long March.老人經(jīng)常給孩子們講述長征途中那些英雄的故事。
上述句子還可以表達為:1)Her father bought a dictionary for her as a birthday present.2)The old man always tells stories about the heroes to the children in the Long March.五、句型5: Subject(主語)+Verb (動詞)+Object (賓語)+Complement(補語) 這種句型中的“賓語 + 補語”統(tǒng)稱為“復合賓語”。賓語補足語的主要作用或者是補充、說明賓語的特點、身份等;或者表示讓賓語去完成的動作等。
擔任補語的常常是名詞、形容詞、副詞、介詞短語、分詞、動詞不定式等。如:1)You should keep the room clean and tidy. 你應該讓屋子保持干凈整潔。
(形容詞)2) We made him our monitor.(名詞)我們選他當班長。3) His father told him not to play in the street.(不定式)他父親告訴他不要在街上玩。
4)My father likes to watch the boys playing basketball.(現(xiàn)在分詞)5) Yesterday I had a picture taken with two Americans.(過去分詞) ● 常見的動詞有: tell, ask, advise, help, want, would like, order, force, allow等?!?注意:動詞have, make, let, see, hear, notice, feel, watch等后面所接的動詞不定式作賓補時,不帶to。
如:1) The boss made him do the work all day.老板讓他整天做那項工作。2) I heard her sing in the next room all the time last night.昨天晚上我聽見她在隔壁唱了一個晚上。
行為動詞我們已學過它們的四種形式: 原形、+s/es、+ed、+ing,具體判斷方法如下: ↗有,就加ing 讀句子→讀該單詞→認識該單詞→理解意思→看有無be動詞(若是be going to 就用原形) ↘沒有,再看情態(tài)動詞 ↗有,就用原形 ↗有,就加ed ↘沒有,再看有無表示過去的時間狀語 ↗是第三人稱單數(shù)就加s或es ↘沒有,再看主語 ↘不是第三人稱單數(shù)就用原形 (2)be動詞 a、Am--was Is --was Are--were 口訣:我用am, 你用are, is用在他她它,所有復數(shù)全用are。 b、肯定和否定句 I am (not) from London. He is(not) a teacher. She is(not) in the dining room. My hair is(not) long. Her eyes are(not) small. c、一般疑問句 Am I a Chinese? Yes, you are. No, you aren't. Are they American? Yes, they are. No, they aren't. Is the cat fat? Yes, it is. No, it isn't. 我們現(xiàn)在學過的be動詞大致分兩類:is、am、are為一類,一般用于一般現(xiàn)在時、現(xiàn)在進行時和一般將來時中,was和were為另一類,一般用于一般過去時。
判斷的關(guān)鍵詞往往是be動詞,be動詞如果是am、is或was,名詞就用原形;be動詞如果是are或were,名詞就加s或es。 這里強調(diào)兩點:不可數(shù)名詞都默認為單數(shù),所以總是用is或者was;最好不要根據(jù)some、any、a lot of等詞去作判斷,以免受誤導。
4、人稱代詞和物主代詞 人稱代詞 物主代詞 單數(shù) 復數(shù) 單數(shù) 復數(shù) 主格 賓格 主格 賓格 形容詞性(短) 名詞性(長) 形容詞性(短) 名詞性(長) 第一人稱 I me we us my mine our ours 第二人稱 you you you you your yours your yours 第三人稱 he him they them his his their theirs she her her hers it it its its 人稱代詞: 有主格和賓格之分。 一般動詞前用主格,動詞后用賓格。
______envident by now, the number and diversity of personality theories are indeed remarkable.A. Since should be B.As would be. C Since will be D As should be答:最佳選項應該是D。
首先大家對as 引導非限制性定語從句,as指后面的整句,在從句中作主語,有“正如”之意,應該不陌生:As is known to all, the earth goes around the sun.所以答案就在BD之中。should有“應該”之意,也就是說(by now) 到現(xiàn)在后面所說的事,“應該”很明顯了。