論述型英語作文開頭和結尾(英語論述型作文模版)

1.英語 論述型作文模版

高中英語論述型作文主要都是觀點對比類文章，本人認為最好分為三段式： 第一段：直入主題，介紹一方觀點并敘述理由 第二段：介紹另一方觀點并闡述理由 第三段：你自己的觀點 現將常用模板提供，希望對你有所幫助！ 要求論述兩個對立的觀點并給出自己的看法。

1. 有一些人認為。 2. 另一些人認為。

3. 我的看法。 The topic of ①-----------------（主題）is becoming more and more popular recently. There are two sides of opinions about it. Some people say A is their favorite. They hold their view for the reason of ②-----------------（支持A的理由一）What is more， ③-------------理由二）. Moreover， ④---------------（理由三）. While others think that B is a better choice in the following three reasons. Firstly，-----------------（支持B的理由一）. Secondly (besides)，⑥------------------（理由二）. Thirdly (finally)，⑦------------------（理由三）. From my point of view, I think ⑧----------------（我的觀點）. The reason is that ⑨--------------------（原因）. As a matter of fact, there are some other reasons to explain my choice. For me, the former is surely a wise choice . 另外，還有經?？嫉降娜齻€題型就是闡述問題型、問題解決型和說明利弊型，也將模板提供如下，僅供參考！ 闡述主題題型 要求從一句話或一個主題出發(fā)，按照提綱的要求進行論述. 1. 闡述名言或主題所蘊涵的意義. 2. 分析并舉例使其更充實. The good old proverb ----------------（名言或諺語）reminds us that ----------------（釋義）. Indeed, we can learn many things form it. First of all，-----------------（理由一）. For example， -------------------（舉例說明）. Secondly，----------------（理由二）. Another case is that ---------------（舉例說明）. Furthermore ， ------------------（理由三）. In my opinion， ----------------（我的觀點）. In short, whatever you do, please remember the say------A. If you understand it and apply it to your study or work, you”ll necessarily benefit a lot from it. 解決方法題型 要求考生列舉出解決問題的多種途徑 1. 問題現狀 2. 怎樣解決（解決方案的優(yōu)缺點） In recent days, we have to face I problem-----A, which is becoming more and more serious. First， ------------（說明A的現狀）.Second， ---------------（舉例進一步說明現狀） Confronted with A, we should take a series of effective measures to cope with the situation. For one thing， ---------------（解決方法一）. For another -------------（解決方法二）. Finally， --------------（解決方法三）. Personally, I believe that -------------（我的解決方法）. Consequently, I'm confident that a bright future is awaiting us because --------------（帶來的好處）. 說明利弊題型 這種題型往往要求先說明一下現狀，再對比事物本身的利弊，有時也會單從一個角度（利或弊）出發(fā)，最后往往要求考生表明自己的態(tài)度（或對事物前景提出預測） 1. 說明事物現狀 2. 事物本身的優(yōu)缺點（或一方面） 3. 你對現狀（或前景）的看法 Nowadays many people prefer A because it has a significant role in our daily life. Generally, its advantages can be seen as follows. First ----------------(A的優(yōu)點之一). Besides -------------------(A的優(yōu)點之二). But every coin has two sides. The negative aspects are also apparent. One of the important disadvantages is that ----------------(A的第一個缺點).To make matters worse,------------------(A的第二個缺點). Through the above analysis, I believe that the positive aspects overweigh the negative ones. Therefore, I would like to ---------------（我的看法）. （From the comparison between these positive and negative effects of A, we should take it reasonably and do it according to the circumstances we are in. Only by this way， ---------------（對前景的預測）.）。

2.求觀點論述型英語四級作文范文

范文來自《2010年6月英語四級作文考前預測范文》

預測作文（一）

My View on Double BA Degree

1. 現在大學生讀雙學位的現象很常見

2. 我對這一現象的看法

【范文】

Recently it has become a common phenomenon for college students to have two majors at the same time. In this way, they can get double BA degrees when they graduate from the university several years later.

Although it may bring unfavorable consequences, we can be sure to conclude that this practice is favorable on the whole. To begin with, most students will become more hardworking and efficient in order to finish the learning tasks satisfactorily. Moreover, with two degrees at hand after graduation, they will stand a better chance in the job market full of fierce competition. In the third place, as for today's university students, tuition and fees are becoming more and more expensive. If they can make achievements in study at school and find a satisfactory job afterwards, it will not be a big problem.

Weighing the pros and cons of such a new trend, we can naturally arrive at the conclusion that it is beneficial and rewarding. This system not only compels students to work hard, but also prepares them for the coming competition.

【點評】

首段直接點題，說明現象；第二段分述三個優(yōu)點，其中首句為讓步狀語從句，意思是“雖然可能帶來負面的后果，但總體上是有益的”；第三段呼應第二段，得出結論。

范文首段提出大學生讀雙學位這一普遍現象；第二段分三點進行論述，其中前兩點是優(yōu)點，即學生會更加勤奮，并且有利于他們在激烈的求職市場中找到工作，最后一點是解釋可能帶來的學費問題并不嚴重；第三段下結論，呼應第二段。

第二段第三句中的stand a better chance(of)表示“大有希望”；第三段末句中的compel sb.to do sth.表示“迫使某人做某事”。

3.20積分懸賞求幾句英語作文通用開頭與結尾

段落開頭經典句式表達1) It is a common belief that if。

2) It is held by some people that。3) 4) It is universally acknowledged that. .4) When it comes to.…，most people believe that..5) There is often an assumption that. . .6) It is increasingly recognized by the general public that.7) It has been accepted without question for a long time that..8) It has been taken for granted that..9) ) Many people insist that. ..11)A commonly accepted rule of doing something is that。

12)With the development of science and technology,more and more people believe that..13)In a world that'、growing more and more(competitive)…，the ability to do something has never been more important.14)It has often been remarked that。1J)A lot of people seem to think that…16) It is believed that。

17)Although it i、commonly held that。,it is quite unlikely that.18)Although it I、generally agreed that.18 it is unlikely to he true that。

19)Although the(common)(belief)is that。 A recent(discovery)(shows) that.,.20)Although people all agree that…，it should be noted that..21)For years(hard working)has been regarded as…，but things are quite different nowadays.22)For years。

had been viewed as…But people are taking a fresh look at it now.23)Most of us have taken it for granted that。,but a recent survey reveals“surprising discovery.24) We are often told that。

But is this really true?25)Many people like the idea of…But it is not beneficial to…26) It's well understood that…always requires,but。27)People used to think that。

in the old days. But things are quite different now.28)Everything has two side、and…is not an exception. It has both advantages and disadvantages.一）It is a common misconception that if..2) There is a common misconception among people that…3) There is some fragments of truth in the statement that二，，but this is not to mean that. ..4) Today it is not unusual for somebody to do something.5) What people failed to perceive is that.,,6)Today，…is under strong attack.7)People often imagine that they can do something simply by doing something8)No idea is more dangerous than。,which is widely held by. ..9)Perhaps it is time to reexamine the attitude that。

1) When asked about..,people usually respond differently. Some people prefer to.,.;Others, however, prefer to.…2) People's views on…vary from person to person. Some hold that。 However, others believe that。

3) People may have different opinions on。3) When asked about，二，many people think that。

But other people believe different4) When it comes to。,some people believe that。

others argue that the opposite is true. There is probably some reason in bothstatements,but。5) When faced with。

,quite a few people claim that.二，but other people think of…as。7) Attitudes towards (drugs) vary from person to person.8) There are different opinions among people as to。

9) Different people hold different attitudes toward(failure).1) According to a recent study，…2)A recent survey indicates that。 So some people take the view that…Others,however,don't think so.3) No one can deny the fact that。

but.4)A recent newspaper report on a survey among(students)states that。6) One of the（一oys） of something is,and always has been,that。

6)Somebody has offered a fascinating insight into the nature of,7) According to a major new study, conducted by somebody,7) One of the most striking things about something/ somebody is that…8) Although the popular idea is that。 a recent study shows that.10) All scientific observations justify the view that。

11) Statistics available suggests that.,.12)Personal experience teaches us that。13) There is considerable evidence in favor of…1) One of the great scientists once remarked，…2)“Genius is two percent inspiration and ninety-eight percent perspiration”is the opinion held by Edison. This remark has beenconfirmed time and again by more and more people.3) Many years ago, a great philosopher said that。

4) There is an Engh、h proverb which says that“Easily come easily go .5) There i,an old saying,“Practice makes progress.”It is the experience of our forefathers,however,it is correct in many caseseven today.古語道：6) As a popular saying goes，…7)One of the great writers once. said that。 Now it still has a realistic significance.結尾段落經典句式表達I) If somebody ever became convinced of the importance of something,we would probably find ways to solve the problemsof。

,problems that now seem impossible to overcome.2)Since there are so many advantages of。,it is not difficult to understand why…3）…，and the results will be worth the effort.4) At the moment, however, we can maintain that。

5)Following 。

4.求英語作文的開頭和結尾

1.Our life should safe and healthy。

..so we must protect our city。

2.The city is dity ,what should we do?。

.now we must save our world. 3.Sport is very important for us。

..let us to do sport everyday. 5.Yesterday ,I had a pleasant trip with my parents。

.we also had a good time。 6.My hobby is reading books。

I think hobby could makes me to be a good child。

7.My best friend is sally。

.i think she would be my best friend in my life。 9.Yangliwei is a heroes in the china。

..I'll remember him in my heart。

11.English is my most favourite subject。

i must learn it well 12.i want to be a nurse。

.let's me study hard and to be a good nurse。 14.my school is so funny。

..my classmates are very kind of me。

有些編不出來了。

5.求英語作文萬能開頭和結尾

（一）段首句 1. 關于……人們有不同的觀點。

一些人認為…… There are different opinions among people as to ____ .Some people suggest that ____. 2. 俗話說（常言道）……，它是我們前輩的經歷，但是，即使在今天，它在許多場合仍然適用。 There is an old saying______. It's the experience of our forefathers,however,it is correct in many cases even today. 3. 現在，……，它們給我們的日常生活帶來了許多危害。

首先，……；其次，……。更為糟糕的是…… Today, ____, which have brought a lot of harms in our daily life. First, ____ Second,____.What makes things worse is that______. 4. 現在，……很普遍，許多人喜歡……，因為……，另外（而且）……。

Nowadays, it is common to ______. Many people like ______ because ______.Besides,______. 5. 任何事物都是有兩面性，……也不例外。它既有有利的一面，也有不利的一面。

Everything has two sides and ______ is not an exception,it has both advantages and disadvantages. 6. 關于……人們的觀點各不相同，一些人認為（說）……，在他們看來，…… People's opinions about ______ vary from person to person. Some people say that ______.To them,_____. 7. 人類正面臨著一個嚴重的問題……，這個問題變得越來越嚴重。 Man is now facing a big problem ______ which is becoming more and more serious. 8. ……已成為人的關注的熱門話題，特別是在年青人當中，將引發(fā)激烈的辯論。

______ has become a hot topic among people,especially among the young and heated debates are right on their way. 9. ……在我們的日常生活中起著越來越重要的作用，它給我們帶來了許多好處，但同時也引發(fā)一些嚴重 的問題。 ______ has been playing an increasingly important role in our day-to-day life. It has brought us a lot of benefits but has created some serious problems as well. 10. 根據圖表/數字/統(tǒng)計數字/表格中的百分比/圖表/條形圖/成形圖可以看出……。

很顯然……，但是 為什么呢？ According to the figure/number/statistics/percentages in the /chart/bar graph/line/graph,it can be seen that ______ while. Obviously, ______, but why？ （二）中間段落句 1. 相反，有一些人贊成……，他們相信……，而且，他們認為……。 On the contrary, there are some people in favor of ___.At the same time, they say____. 2. 但是，我認為這不是解決……的好方法，比如……。

最糟糕的是……。 But I don't think it is a very good way to solve ____.For example,____.Worst of all,___. 3. ……對我們國家的發(fā)展和建設是必不可少的，（也是）非常重要的。

首先，……。而且……，最重要 的是…… ______is necessary and important to our country's development and construction. First,______. What's more, _____.Most important of all,______. 4. 有幾個可供我們采納的方法。

首先，我們可以……。 There are several measures for us to adopt. First, we can______ 5. 面臨……，我們應該采取一系列行之有效的方法來……。

一方面……，另一方面， Confronted with______, we should take a series of effective measures to______. For one thing,______For another, ______ 6. 早就應該拿出行動了。比如說……，另外……。

所有這些方法肯定會……。 It is high time that something was done about it. For example. _____.In addition. _____.All these measures will certainly______. 7. 為什么……？第一個原因是……；第二個原因是……；第三個原因是……。

總的來說，……的主要原 因是由于…… Why______? The first reason is that ______.The second reason is ______.The third is ______.For all this, the main cause of ______due to ______. 8. 然而，正如任何事物都有好壞兩個方面一樣，……也有它的不利的一面，象……。 However, just like everything has both its good and bad sides, ______also has its own disadvantages, such as ______. 9. 盡管如此，我相信……更有利。

Nonetheless, I believe that ______is more advantageous. 10. 完全同意……這種觀點（陳述），主要理由如下：I fully agree with the statement that ______ because______. （三）結尾句 1. 至于我，在某種程度上我同意后面的觀點，我認為…… As far as I am concerned, I agree with the latter opinion to some extent. I think that …… 2. 總而言之，整個社會應該密切關注……這個問題。只有這樣，我們才能在將來……。

In a word, the whole society should pay close attention to the problem of ……Only in this way can ……in the future. 3. 但是，……和……都有它們各自的優(yōu)勢（好處）。例如，……，而……。

然而，把這兩者相比較，我更傾向于（喜歡）……But ……and……h(huán)ave heir own advantages. For example， …… while…… Comparing this with that, however, I prefer to…… 4. 就我個人而言，我相信……，因此，我堅信美好的未來正等著我們。因為…… Personally, I believe that…… Consequently, I'm confident 。

6.高中英語作文用于開頭和結尾的句子

可以去這個地址，里面是百度文庫總結的英文開頭，中間，結尾。

很多~ 以下是相同問題曾經回答的答案~ 對比觀點題型 （1） 要求論述兩個對立的觀點并給出自己的看法。 1. 有一些人認為。

2. 另一些人認為。

3. 我的看法。

The topic of ①-----------------（主題）is becoming more and more popular recently. There are two sides of opinions of it. Some people say A is their favorite. They hold their view for the reason of ②-----------------（支持A的理由一）What is more， ③-------------理由二）. Moreover， ④---------------（理由三）. While others think that B is a better choice in the following three reasons. Firstly，-----------------（支持B的理由一）. Secondly (besides)，⑥------------------（理由二）. Thirdly (finally)，⑦------------------（理由三）. From my point of view, I think ⑧----------------（我的觀點）. The reason is that ⑨--------------------（原因）. As a matter of fact, there are some other reasons to explain my choice. For me, the former is surely a wise choice . (2) 給出一個觀點，要求考生反對這一觀點 Some people believe that ①----------------（觀點一）. For example, they think ②-----------------（舉例說明）.And it will bring them ③-----------------（為他們帶來的好處）. In my opinion, I never think this reason can be the point. For one thing，④-------------（我不同意該看法的理由一）. For another thing， ⑤-----------------（反對的理由之二）. Form all what I have said, I agree to the thought that ⑥------------------（我對文章所討論主題的看法）. 闡述主題題型 要求從一句話或一個主題出發(fā)，按照提綱的要求進行論述. 1. 闡述名言或主題所蘊涵的意義. 2. 分析并舉例使其更充實. The good old proverb ----------------（名言或諺語）reminds us that ----------------（釋義）. Indeed, we can learn many things form it. First of all，-----------------（理由一）. For example， -------------------（舉例說明）. Secondly，----------------（理由二）. Another case is that ---------------（舉例說明）. Furthermore ， ------------------（理由三）. In my opinion， ----------------（我的觀點）. In short, whatever you do, please remember the say------A. If you understand it and apply it to your study or work, you”ll necessarily benefit a lot from it 解決方法題型 要求考生列舉出解決問題的多種途徑 1. 問題現狀 2. 怎樣解決（解決方案的優(yōu)缺點） In recent days, we have to face I problem-----A, which is becoming more and more serious. First， ------------（說明A的現狀）.Second， ---------------（舉例進一步說明現狀） Confronted with A, we should take a series of effective measures to cope with the situation. For one thing， ---------------（解決方法一）. For another -------------（解決方法二）. Finally， --------------（解決方法三）. Personally, I believe that -------------（我的解決方法）. Consequently, I'm confident that a bright future is awaiting us because --------------（帶來的好處）. 說明利弊題型 這種題型往往要求先說明一下現狀，再對比事物本身的利弊，有時也會單從一個角度（利或弊）出發(fā)，最后往往要求考生表明自己的態(tài)度（或對事物前景提出預測） 1. 說明事物現狀 2. 事物本身的優(yōu)缺點（或一方面） 3. 你對現狀（或前景）的看法 Nowadays many people prefer A because it has a significant role in our daily life. Generally, its advantages can be seen as follows. First ----------------(A的優(yōu)點之一). Besides -------------------(A的優(yōu)點之二). But every coin has two sides. The negative aspects are also apparent. One of the important disadvantages is that ----------------(A的第一個缺點).To make matters worse,------------------(A的第二個缺點). Through the above analysis, I believe that the positive aspects overweigh the negative ones. Therefore, I would like to ---------------（我的看法）. （From the comparison between these positive and negative effects of A, we should take it reasonably and do it according to the circumstances we are in. Only by this way， ---------------（對前景的預測）.） 議論文的框架 （1） 不同觀點列舉型（ 選擇型 ） There is a widespread concern over the issue that __作文題目_____. But it is well known that the opinion concerning this hot topic varies from person to person. A majority of people think that _ 觀點一________. In their views there are 2 factors contributing to this attitude as follows: in the first place， ___原因一_______.Furthermore, in the second place， ___原因二_____. So it goes without saying that ___觀點一_____. People, however, differ in their opinions on this matter. Some people hold the idea that ___觀點二_______. In their point of view, on the one hand， ___原因一_______. On the other hand， ____原因二_____. Therefore, there is no doubt that ___觀點二______. As far as I am concerned, I firmly support the view that __觀點一或二___。

7.如何寫好中考英語作文的開頭與結尾

在寫作時，開頭一般是最難的，而結尾又是點睛之筆，因此，寫好作文的開頭和結尾尤其重要，會直接關系到整篇作文的得分高低。

下面yjbys小編為大家精心整理的初中英語作文滿分的技巧，希望可以幫到大家！一. 英語作文開頭四方式1、“開門見山”式 一般來說，文章的開頭應盡量做到“開門見山”，即要用簡單明了的語言引出文章的話題，使人一開始就能了解文章要說明的內容。① 對于敘事類的文章，可以在開頭把人物、時間、事件和環(huán)境交代清楚。

如“A Trip to Huangshan（黃山之旅）”的開頭可以是：Last month, my family went to Huangshan by train. It took us ten hours to get there. What a long and tiring journey! We were tired but the beautiful scenery excited us.② 對于論述性的文章，可以在開頭處先闡明自己的觀點，接著展開進一步的論述。如“The Time and the Money （時間和金錢）” 的開頭可以是：Most people say that money is more important than time. But I don't think so. First, when money is used up, you can earn it back, but……2、回憶性開頭 在描述事件或游記類的文章中，采用回憶性的開頭往往更能吸引人的眼球。

這種類型的開頭中通常含有描述自己心情或情緒的詞匯，如never forget（永遠無法忘記）、remember （記得）、unforgettable（難以忘懷的）、exciting（令人激動的）、surprising（令人驚訝的）、sad （難過的）……如“A Trip to Huangshan（黃山之旅）”的開頭還以這樣寫：I will never forget my first trip to Huangshan. 或 It was really an unforgettable experience I had.3、疑問性開頭 在敘事類或論述性的文章中，都可采用疑問型開頭，這樣既可以吸引閱卷者的注意又容易抓住中心。如“Planting Trees（種樹）”的開頭可以是：Have you ever planted trees? Don't you think planting trees is …… 再如“Traveling Abroad（出國之旅）”的開頭可以是：If you have an opportunity to travel abroad, why not consider Singapore?4、倒敘式開頭 在有的文章，特別是敘事類的文章中，可以采用倒敘的寫作手法，先寫出事件的結果，再陳述過程。

如“Catching Thieves （捉賊）”的開頭可以這樣寫：I lay in bed in the hospital. I smiled at my friends even though my legs hurt. Do you want to know what happened to me? Let me tell you. It's a 。 story.二. 英語作文結尾四方式1、自然結尾，點明主題 隨著文章的結束，文章自然而然地結尾。

如“Helping the Policeman （幫助警察）”的結尾可以是：The two children were praised by the police and they felt happy. 再如“The Tortoise and the Hare（龜兔賽跑）” 的結尾可以是：When the hare got to the tree, the tortoise had already been there。2、首尾呼應 升華主題在文章的結尾可以用含義較深的話點明主題，深化主題，起到“畫龍點睛”的效果。

如“I Love My Hometown（我愛家鄉(xiāng)）”的結尾可以是：I love my hometown, and I am proud of it.3、反問結尾，引起深思 這種方式的結尾雖然形式是問句，但意義卻是肯定的，而且具有一定的強調作用，可引起他人的深思。如 “Learning English can give us a lot of pleasure （學英語能為我們帶來許多樂趣）” 的結尾可以是：If we learn English well, we can …Don't you think learning English is great fun?4、表達祝愿，闡述愿望 這種方式的結尾常出現在書信或演講稿的文體中，表示對他人的祝?；驅淼恼雇?。

如“A Letter to the Farmers（給農民們的一封信）”的結尾可以是：I hope the farmers' life will be better and better.另外，書信的結尾常有以下形式的祝福語：Best wishes. I wish you a merry Christmas and a happy new year. I wish you have a good time等。

8.英語作文萬能開頭和結尾

一、開頭萬能公式

1.開頭萬能公式一：

名人名言：有人問了，“我沒有記住名言，怎么辦？尤其是英語名言？”很好辦：編！原理：我們看到的東西很多都是創(chuàng)造出來的，包括我們欣賞的文章也是，所以盡管編，但是一定要聽起來很有道理，而且沒準將來我們就是名人呢！對吧？

經典句型：A proverb says, “ You are only young once.” （適用于已記住的名言）It goes without saying that we cannot be young forever. （適用于自編名言）更多經典句型：As everyone knows, No one can deny that…

2.開頭萬能公式二：

數字統(tǒng)計原理：要想更有說服力，就應該用實際的數字來說明。原則上在議論文當中不應該出現虛假數字的，可是在考試的時候哪管那三七二十一，但編無妨，只要我有東西寫就萬事大吉了。所以不妨試用下面的句型：According to a recent survey, about 78.9% of the college students wanted to further their study after their graduation.

看起來這個數字文縐縐的，其實都是編造出來的，下面隨便幾個題目我們都可以這樣編造：

Honesty

根據最近的一項統(tǒng)計調查顯示，大學生向老師請假的理由當中78%都是假的。

Travel by Bike

根據最近的一項統(tǒng)計調查顯示，85%的人在近距離旅行的時候首選的交通工具是自行車。

Youth

根據最近的一項統(tǒng)計調查顯示，在某個大學，學生的課余時間的70%都是在休閑娛樂。

Five-day Work Week Better than Six-day Work?

根據最近的一項統(tǒng)計調查顯示，98%的人同意每周五天工作日。

更多句型：A recent statistics shows that …

二、結尾萬能公式

1.結尾萬能公式一：如此結論

說完了，畢竟要歸納一番，相信各位都有這樣的經歷，領導長篇大論，到最后終于冒出個“總而言之”之類的話，我們馬上停止開小差，等待領導說結束語。也就是說，開頭很好，也必然要有一個精彩的結尾，讓讀者眼前一亮，這樣，你就可以拿高分了！比如下面的例子：

Obviously（此為過渡短語）， we can draw the conclusion that good manners arise from politeness and respect for others.

如果讀者很難“顯而見之”，但說無妨，就當讀者的眼光太淺罷了！

更多過渡短語：

to sum up, in conclusion, in brief, on account of this, thus

更多句型：

Thus, it can be concluded that…， Therefore, we can find that…

2.結尾萬能公式二：如此建議

如果說“如此結論”是結尾最沒用的廢話，那么“如此建議”應該是最有價值的廢話了，因為這里雖然也是廢話，但是卻用了一個很經典的虛擬語氣的句型。拽！

Obviously, it is high time that we took some measures to solve the problem.

這里的虛擬語氣用得很經典，因為考官本來經常考這個句型，而如果我們自己寫出來，你說考官會怎么想呢？更多句型：

Accordingly, I recommend that some measures be taken.

Consequently, to solve the problem, some measures should be taken.

9.英語考試萬能作文的開頭和結尾

1.開門見山，揭示主題。

文章開頭就交待清楚文章的主題是什么：如“How I Spent My Vacation”（我怎樣度假）的開頭是： I spent my last vacation happily. 再如“Honesty”（談誠實）一文中的開頭： Honesty is one of the best virtues.An honest man is always trusted and respecte-d.On the contrary,one who tells lies is regarded as a “l(fā)iar”,and is looked upon badly by honest people. 2.交代人物、事情、時間或環(huán)境的開頭。 在文章的開頭，先把人物、事件和環(huán)境交待清楚。

例如“A Trip to Jin shan”（去金山旅游）的開頭： The day before yesterday my class went on a bus trip to Jinshan.It took three hours to ride there.The long trip made us very tired,but the sight of the beautiful sea refreshed us. 3.回憶性的開頭。 用回憶的方法來開頭。

例如“A Trip to the Taishan Mountain”（泰山游）的開頭是： I remember my first trip to the Taishan Mountain as if it were yesterday. 4.概括性的開頭。 即對在文章中敘述的人或事先作一個概括性的介紹。

如“The Happiness of Reading Book-s”（讀書的快樂）的開頭： People often say that gold and silver are the most valuable things in the world.But l say that to read books is more valuable. than anything else,because books give us knowledge and knowledge gives us power. 5.介紹環(huán)境式的開頭。 即開頭利用自然景物或自然環(huán)境引出要介紹的事物。

如：“An Accident”（一場事故）的開頭是： It was a rainy and windy morning.The sky was gloomy, the temperature was low,and the street was nearly empty.I was on my way back to school.Suddenly,a speeding car came round the corner. 6.交待寫作目的的開頭。 在文章的一開頭就交待寫作目的，如通過文章要表揚誰，批評誰，或說明一個什么問題等。

如“Pollution Control”（控制污染）的開頭： In this article I shall draw your attention to the subject of pollution control. 結尾篇 如果把開頭比作“爆竹”，那么結尾就有如“撞鐘”。古人說過：“好的結尾，有如咀嚼干果，品嘗香茗，令人回味再三。”

文章結尾的作用是概括全文內容，進一步強調或肯定文章的中心思想，使文章意義表達得更加深刻。文章結尾的形式常見的有以下幾種： 1.首尾呼應，畫龍點睛。

在文章的結尾，把含義較深的話放在末尾，以點明主題，深化主題，起到畫龍點睛的效果。如“I Cannot Forget Her” （我忘不了她）的結尾： After her death, I felt as if something were missing in my life. I was sad over her passing away, but I knew she would not have had any regrets at having given her life for the benefit of the people. 2.重復主題句。

結尾回到文章開頭闡明的中心思想或主題句上，達到強調的效果。如“I Love My Home Town”（我愛家鄉(xiāng)）的結尾： I love my home town, and I love its people. They too have changed. They are going all out to do more for the good of our motherland. 3. 自然結尾。

隨著文章的結束，文章自然而然地結尾。如“Fishing”（釣魚）的結尾： I caught as many as twenty fish in two hours, but my brother caught many more. Tired from fishing, we lay down on the river bank, bathing in the sun. We returned home very late. 4.含蓄性的結尾。

用比喻或含蓄的手法不直接點明作者的看法，而是讓讀者自己去領會和思考。如“A Day of Harvesting”（收割的日子）的結尾： Evening came before we realized it. We put down our sickles and looked at each other. Our clothes were wet with sweat, but on every face there was a smile. 5.用反問結尾。

雖然形式是問句，但意義卻是肯定的，并具有特別的強調作用，引起讀者深思。如 “Should We Learn to Do Housework？” （我們要不要學做家務？） 的結尾： Everyone should learn to do housework. Don't you agree, boys and girls? 6.指明方向，激勵讀者。

結尾表示對將來的展望，或期待讀者投入行動。如“Let's Go in for Sports”（讓我們參加體育運動）的結尾： As we have said above, sports can be of great value. They not only make people live happily but also help people to learn virtues and do their work bettter. A sound mind is in a sound body. Let's go in for sports. 文章的結尾沒有一定的模式，可以根據表達主題的需要靈活創(chuàng)造。

一般的習慣是，一些記敘文和描寫文經常采用自然結尾的方法；但說理性和邏輯性較強的說明文和議論文則往往都有結束語，以便使文章首尾呼應，結構完整。